Morganite

Morganite is beryl coloured pink to peach by manganese. It completes the set with emerald and aquamarine: one mineral, three trace elements, three quite different stones.

Much of it is heated, which drives off an orange component and leaves a cleaner pink. Like aquamarine's treatment this is stable and is standard trade practice, and like aquamarine it is disclosed rather than concealed.

Its commercial history is unusual. Described in 1911 and a minor curiosity for most of the century, it became widely fashionable in the 2010s, largely through rose gold jewellery — a case of a gemstone's market being made by what it is set in.

Pink to salmon hexagonal beryl, with beryl's refractive index and density, which separate it from pink tourmaline and from kunzite. Kunzite is the likelier confusion and is distinguished by its perfect cleavage and much stronger pleochroism.

Gemstone only. Faceted for jewellery, and it takes large clean stones as aquamarine does.

Named by George Kunz in 1911 for J. P. Morgan, whose mineral collection Kunz assembled and who was the great gem patron of the period. Kunz named kunzite for himself in 1902, so two of the gemstones named in that decade are down to him.