Skip to content
Material World

Lithium vs Sodium

Lithium and Sodium are genuine alternatives to one another — a choice somebody actually makes — and differ on 5 measured properties, density most clearly.

Lithium vs Sodium

Lithium

Li

The lightest metal, and the element that made a rechargeable battery worth carrying.

Sodium

Na

A metal so reactive it is stored under oil, and half of ordinary table salt.

Property comparison of Lithium and Sodium
PropertyLithiumSodium
Atomic number311 higher
Density0.534 g/cm³0.968 g/cm³ higher
Melting point180.5–180.72 °C higher97.78 °C
Mohs hardness

Mohs hardness is an ordinal scale: values can be ranked, but differences and ratios between them are not meaningful.

about 0.6 higherabout 0.5
Molar mass6.94 g/mol22.98976928 g/mol higher

Choosing between them

Sodium is recorded as a substitute for Lithiumcheaper, less supply-constrained.

What it gives up: Stores less energy for its mass, which suits stationary storage and rules out a phone.

In this application, on the evidence cited above.

Other comparisons