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Material World

Aluminium vs Carbon fibre

Aluminium and Carbon fibre are genuine alternatives to one another — a choice somebody actually makes — and differ on 2 measured properties, density most clearly.

Aluminium vs Carbon fibre

These are different kinds of thing (element, material). Fewer properties mean the same thing across both, so a like-for-like reading may not be available.

Aluminium

Al

The most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, and until the 1880s more valuable than gold because nobody could extract it cheaply.

Carbon fibre

Filaments of near-pure carbon with extraordinary stiffness-to-weight, used in composites rather than alone.

Property comparison of Aluminium and Carbon fibre
PropertyAluminiumCarbon fibre
Atomic number

Only one of the two has a figure we can stand behind, so there is nothing to compare.

13Not known
Density2.7 g/cm³ higher1.75–1.95 g/cm³
Electrical conductivity

Only one of the two has a figure we can stand behind, so there is nothing to compare.

37.7 MS/mNot known
Melting point

Only one of the two has a figure we can stand behind, so there is nothing to compare.

660.32 °CNot known
Mohs hardness

Only one of the two has a figure we can stand behind, so there is nothing to compare.

about 2.75Not known
Molar mass

Only one of the two has a figure we can stand behind, so there is nothing to compare.

26.982 g/molNot known
Tensile strength

One of these is a directional measurement (along the fibre axis) and the other is not. The comparison holds only in that direction.

70–130 MPa3500–7000 MPa higher
Thermal conductivity

Only one of the two has a figure we can stand behind, so there is nothing to compare.

237 W/(m·K)Not known

Choosing between them

Carbon fibre is recorded as a substitute for Aluminiumlighter, stronger.

What it gives up: Anisotropic, invisible when damaged, and an order of magnitude more expensive — it fails without denting first, which is the property an inspector relies on in metal.

In this application, on the evidence cited above.

Other comparisons